ANNOTATIONS
Kathleen Beydoun
Annotations are used when one is writing an essay that requires references. Annotations are separate from the actual essay, but they include the used references. In order to compose annotations, one must first type out the sources in proper APA format, and then give a general overview of the source. They should list the author's credentials, the journal's/article's rankings among other journals and articles, the targeted audience, and a summary of what the journal/article/website contains. Annotations explain how the source is useful to supporting one's essay. If the source is a journal, the writer should list specific processes and requirements in order to have one's article published. I found annotations to be helpful because they helped me decide which sources would be most beneficial to my essay.
Annotations are used when one is writing an essay that requires references. Annotations are separate from the actual essay, but they include the used references. In order to compose annotations, one must first type out the sources in proper APA format, and then give a general overview of the source. They should list the author's credentials, the journal's/article's rankings among other journals and articles, the targeted audience, and a summary of what the journal/article/website contains. Annotations explain how the source is useful to supporting one's essay. If the source is a journal, the writer should list specific processes and requirements in order to have one's article published. I found annotations to be helpful because they helped me decide which sources would be most beneficial to my essay.
Navpreet Hehar
Annotations are a summary of of an article, book journal or other source of information. Here, one discusses the main point of the article and also the quality/credibility of the article. Annotations explain how each individual source is useful to the paper or research. To begin writing an annotation, you must source the article in APA format. It should be in the following format (found at The Owl at Purdue- Link found under Useful sources):
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year).
Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume
number(issue number), pages.
Once this is cited, summarize the article. Discuss the credibility of your article and how it is useful in your research. Also, if the article is found in a journal, one should mention the processes required to submit an article in that journal. Annotations are usually one or two paragraphs long and are included at the end of a paper.
Annotations are a summary of of an article, book journal or other source of information. Here, one discusses the main point of the article and also the quality/credibility of the article. Annotations explain how each individual source is useful to the paper or research. To begin writing an annotation, you must source the article in APA format. It should be in the following format (found at The Owl at Purdue- Link found under Useful sources):
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year).
Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume
number(issue number), pages.
Once this is cited, summarize the article. Discuss the credibility of your article and how it is useful in your research. Also, if the article is found in a journal, one should mention the processes required to submit an article in that journal. Annotations are usually one or two paragraphs long and are included at the end of a paper.
Jaspreet Hehar
Annotated bibliographies are basically summaries of each of the sources you might use in your research paper. These summaries also evaluate each of the sources by discussing whether the information is reliable or biased, and whether it is useful in your research. Often times, annotated bibliographies include a discussion on how the source helped in shaping the argument, and whether the research was helpful. Annotations are very helpful when writing a research paper because they allow you to see what research has already been conducted in your field. They also force you to read the sources critically and summarize the research you have found. It is not sufficient enough to just read the article or journal – annotated bibliographies force you to analyze the information presented and decide whether it is useful. By reading a variety a sources and writing these annotations, you will see what people are saying about your field and be able to create your own research question. When writing an annotated bibliography, it is useful to answer the following questions:
Annotations are usually about a page or less in length. They are written in paragraph form, and depending on what your teacher requires, additional guidelines may need to be followed according to the APA, MLA, or,Chicago style of writing. Overall, annotated bibliographies are a great way to begin research on your topic.
Annotated bibliographies are basically summaries of each of the sources you might use in your research paper. These summaries also evaluate each of the sources by discussing whether the information is reliable or biased, and whether it is useful in your research. Often times, annotated bibliographies include a discussion on how the source helped in shaping the argument, and whether the research was helpful. Annotations are very helpful when writing a research paper because they allow you to see what research has already been conducted in your field. They also force you to read the sources critically and summarize the research you have found. It is not sufficient enough to just read the article or journal – annotated bibliographies force you to analyze the information presented and decide whether it is useful. By reading a variety a sources and writing these annotations, you will see what people are saying about your field and be able to create your own research question. When writing an annotated bibliography, it is useful to answer the following questions:
- Who is the author, and how are they qualified to write on this subject?
- Why was the article or journal written? What purpose does it serve?
- Who is the intended audience? How do you know?
- What methods did the authors use in order to present their information - experiments, interviews, personal experience...?
- Is the source biased? How do you know?
- What are the author's conclusions? Do you believe they are justified?
Annotations are usually about a page or less in length. They are written in paragraph form, and depending on what your teacher requires, additional guidelines may need to be followed according to the APA, MLA, or,Chicago style of writing. Overall, annotated bibliographies are a great way to begin research on your topic.
Michael Osman
An annotation is a short description of an item. Annotations describe and evaluate the resource based on standard criteria. An annotation differs from an abstract because abstracts usually only summarize the content and do not critically evaluate. An annotation should be written in the third person and should stand alone, accurately describing the contents of the source without reference to any other source. An annotation is usually a minimum of three to four sentences long and is usually indented below the citation.
Legal publishers such as Thomson West and Lexis Nexis publish annotated versions of statutes, providing information about court cases that have interpreted the statutes. Both the federal United States Code and state statutes are subject to interpretation by the courts, and the annotated statutes are valuable tools in legal research.
An annotation should include the following:
Complete bibliographic citation information using an appropriate citation style (MLA, APA, Turabian, etc.)
A brief summary of the item's content and the main purpose of the work
Qualifications of the author
Intended audience/reading level
special features about the item (e.g. bibliography, graphics, appendices, etc.)
Other evaluative comments about the item (what was useful, what was missing, how it compares to similar items on the same topic, etc.)
Ex:
McKinley Health Center. Caffeine. 2002. 23 Aug. 2005 <http://www.mckinley.uiuc.edu/health-info/drug-alc/caffeine.html>.
Web site which discusses the ingredient caffeine. On the site many questions are answered about caffeine including its effects and safety, reducing caffeine consumption, and whether or not it helps with studying. The amount of caffeine in common foods is listed in a table at the bottom of the page including various types of coffee and teas, chocolate, cocoa, and soft drinks. Medications that contain caffeine are also listed. The page is well-organized, contains useful information, and includes appropriate documentation.
Legal publishers such as Thomson West and Lexis Nexis publish annotated versions of statutes, providing information about court cases that have interpreted the statutes. Both the federal United States Code and state statutes are subject to interpretation by the courts, and the annotated statutes are valuable tools in legal research.
An annotation should include the following:
Complete bibliographic citation information using an appropriate citation style (MLA, APA, Turabian, etc.)
A brief summary of the item's content and the main purpose of the work
Qualifications of the author
Intended audience/reading level
special features about the item (e.g. bibliography, graphics, appendices, etc.)
Other evaluative comments about the item (what was useful, what was missing, how it compares to similar items on the same topic, etc.)
Ex:
McKinley Health Center. Caffeine. 2002. 23 Aug. 2005 <http://www.mckinley.uiuc.edu/health-info/drug-alc/caffeine.html>.
Web site which discusses the ingredient caffeine. On the site many questions are answered about caffeine including its effects and safety, reducing caffeine consumption, and whether or not it helps with studying. The amount of caffeine in common foods is listed in a table at the bottom of the page including various types of coffee and teas, chocolate, cocoa, and soft drinks. Medications that contain caffeine are also listed. The page is well-organized, contains useful information, and includes appropriate documentation.
Ernada Doko
An annotation summarizes and assesses a source used in a piece of writing. It is similar to a reference, but it also evaluates the quality and importance of the source. An annotation is helpful because it requires you to assay the source and its significance to your writing. This is done by examining the credentials of the authors and their expertise, investigating if any biases are present, how recent and applicable the source is (which is very important in the biological field), and the purpose of the source. The journal within which the information is found is also evaluated, to determine the criteria of the journal and to evaluate its quality. By composing annotations, a writer will understand the research that is out there regarding their topic and how it is relevant to their writing. Below I have provided an annotation I composed when conducting research on preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
Spits, C., Rycke, M., Verpoest, W., Lissens, W., Steirteghem, A.V., Liebars, I., Sermon, K.(2006).
Preimplantation genetic for Marfan syndrome. Fertility and Sterility, 86, 310-320. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com.proxy.lib.wayne.edu/science
In this article, the authors discuss Marfan syndrome, a sex-linked disease that affects the connective tissue, and they setup a design in applying protocols on preimplantion genetic diagnosis for this disease. They provide thorough background information on Marfans syndrome, and with this information, they explain how the constructed protocols in preimplantation genetic diagnosis will isolate the genes responsible for this disorder, and therefore, prevent Marfan syndrome from being passed on to the offspring.
The information within this article is in a structured format that makes the information very clear and easy for the audience to read. The authors provide an Objective, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, and Acknowledgements that efficiently outlines the information presented. Along with a concise and clear format, the information presented within this journal is very reliable and qualified. All the authors involved with this article have M.D. or a Ph.D. in the field of reproduction and genetics. This article is not only very informative and qualified, but it directly applies to my research question regarding sex-linked diseases. The article discusses many protocols taken by the authors in isolating the mutated genes responsible for Marfan syndrome using preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), an assisted reproductive procedure. Their successful results in isolating this sex-linked disease will aid in supplementing my research regarding the importance of assisted reproductive procedures.
An annotation summarizes and assesses a source used in a piece of writing. It is similar to a reference, but it also evaluates the quality and importance of the source. An annotation is helpful because it requires you to assay the source and its significance to your writing. This is done by examining the credentials of the authors and their expertise, investigating if any biases are present, how recent and applicable the source is (which is very important in the biological field), and the purpose of the source. The journal within which the information is found is also evaluated, to determine the criteria of the journal and to evaluate its quality. By composing annotations, a writer will understand the research that is out there regarding their topic and how it is relevant to their writing. Below I have provided an annotation I composed when conducting research on preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
Spits, C., Rycke, M., Verpoest, W., Lissens, W., Steirteghem, A.V., Liebars, I., Sermon, K.(2006).
Preimplantation genetic for Marfan syndrome. Fertility and Sterility, 86, 310-320. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com.proxy.lib.wayne.edu/science
In this article, the authors discuss Marfan syndrome, a sex-linked disease that affects the connective tissue, and they setup a design in applying protocols on preimplantion genetic diagnosis for this disease. They provide thorough background information on Marfans syndrome, and with this information, they explain how the constructed protocols in preimplantation genetic diagnosis will isolate the genes responsible for this disorder, and therefore, prevent Marfan syndrome from being passed on to the offspring.
The information within this article is in a structured format that makes the information very clear and easy for the audience to read. The authors provide an Objective, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, and Acknowledgements that efficiently outlines the information presented. Along with a concise and clear format, the information presented within this journal is very reliable and qualified. All the authors involved with this article have M.D. or a Ph.D. in the field of reproduction and genetics. This article is not only very informative and qualified, but it directly applies to my research question regarding sex-linked diseases. The article discusses many protocols taken by the authors in isolating the mutated genes responsible for Marfan syndrome using preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), an assisted reproductive procedure. Their successful results in isolating this sex-linked disease will aid in supplementing my research regarding the importance of assisted reproductive procedures.
Mazen Zein
When writing a paper annotations can be added to ones bibliography which must be in accordance to an appropriate style guide such as APA, MLA or Chicago/ Turabian. The annotation is a description of the essential details of the work and its relevance to the topic. There should be a good understanding of the information presented in the source, and the background when creating annotations. For example, when the bibliographic information has been completed, annotations can be information to explain the authority and qualifications of the author. Give brief description of the information and main purpose of the work, and any biases in the source. The annotation should also explain the audience being addressed and the level of knowledge or reading difficulty in the information. Finally, an evaluation of why one feels that this work or source is suitable to their topic.
